#GIT ANNEX TORTOISE SERIES#

When Bianjing fell to Jin troops in 1127, thousands of captured Song aristocrats (including the two Song emperors), scholars, craftsmen and entertainers, along with the treasures of the Song capital, were all taken to Shangjing (the Upper Capital) by the winners. The first Jin capital, Shangjing, located on the Ashi River within modern Harbin, was originally not much more than the city of tents, but in 1124 the second Jin emperor Wanyan Wuqimai starting a major construction project, having his ethnic Han chief architect, Lu Yanlun, build a new city at this site, emulating, on a smaller scale, the Northern Song capital Bianjing ( Kaifeng). Ī 12th-century Jin dynasty stone tortoise in today's Ussuriysk

However, according to DNA tests conducted by Liu Fengzhu of the Nationalities Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the Daur people, still living in northern Manchuria (northeast China 东北), are also descendants of the Khitans.

Most of the surviving Khitan either assimilated into the bulk of the Han and Jurchen populations, or moved to Central Asia.

#GIT ANNEX TORTOISE SERIES#

They went on to control parts of Northern China and Mongolia after a series of successful military campaigns. In the early 12th century the Tungusic Jurchen people (the ancestors of the later Manchu people) originally lived in the forests in the eastern borderlands of the Liao Empire, and were Liao's tributaries, overthrew the Liao and formed the Jin dynasty. With the Song dynasty to the south, the Khitan people of Western Manchuria, who probably spoke a language related to the Mongolic languages, created the Liao dynasty in Inner and Outer Mongolia and conquered the region of Manchuria, and went on to control the adjacent part of the Sixteen Prefectures in Northern China as well. Main articles: Liao dynasty and Jin dynasty In recent years scholars have studied 20th-century Manchuria extensively, while paying less attention to the earlier period. The Sino-Russian border dispute was resolved diplomatically only in 2004. During the Sino–Soviet split Manchuria became a matter of contention, escalating to the Sino–Soviet border conflict in 1969. In the Korean War of 1950-1953, Chinese forces used Manchuria as a base to assist North Korea against the United Nations Command forces. The Soviet invasion of Manchuria in August 1945 led to the rapid collapse of Japanese rule, and the Soviets restored the region of Inner Manchuria to Chinese rule: Manchuria served as a base of operations for the Mao Zedong's People's Liberation Army in the Chinese Civil War, which led to the formation of the People's Republic of China in 1949. The Japanese invaded Manchuria in 1931, setting up the puppet state of Manchukuo which became a centerpiece of the fast-growing Empire of Japan. Disputes over Manchuria and Korea led to the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905. The Russian Empire established control over the northern part of Manchuria in 1860 ( Beijing Treaty) it built (1897-1902) the Chinese Eastern Railway to consolidate its control. Lying at the juncture of the Chinese, Japanese and Russian spheres of influence, Manchuria has been a hotbed of conflict since the late-19th century. The population grew from about 1 million in 1750 to 5 million in 1850 and to 14 million in 1900, largely because of the immigration of Han farmers. 'Manchu' is a name introduced by Hong Taiji of the Qing dynasty in 1636 for the Jurchen people, a Tungusic people. Manchuria is the homeland of the Manchu people. To differentiate between the two parts following the latter definition, the Russian part is also known as Outer Manchuria, while the Chinese part is known as Inner Manchuria.

Depending on the definition of its extent, 'Manchuria' can refer either to a region falling entirely within present-day China, or to a larger region today divided between Northeast China and the Russian Far East.

Git annex tortoise